Margaret Hamilton Biography - Topics referred to by the same term From 1961 to 1963, she worked at MIT on an unknown aircraft trajectory tracking project. Hamilton had to recuperate in a hospital and at home for six weeks after the accident before returning to the set to complete her work on the film and refused to have anything further to do with fire for the rest of the filming. In later years, Hamilton made frequent . 1. It was intended to guide the spacecraft once they had achieved Earth orbit. Margaret Hamilton - Trakt I said, 'Yes?' She subsequently directed and supervised the developments of the Skylab space station mission. That has been my favorite book since I was four.' Biography of Margaret Hamilton, American scientist, notable computer scientist who worked at NASA in support of Apollo missions. Throughout the 1970s, Hamilton lived in New York City's Gramercy Park neighborhood and appeared on local (and some national) public-service announcements for organizations promoting the welfare of pets. in Space Studies from the University of North Dakota, a Bachelor of Journalism from Canada's Carleton University and (soon) a Bachelor of History from Athabasca University. Biography of Margaret Hamilton, American Computer Scientist, Biography of Elizabeth Barrett, British poet, Biography of Ursula von der Leyen, German politician, Biography of Isabel Zendal, Spanish nurse, Biography of Sheila Herrero, Spanish athlete, Biography of Genoveva Torres, Spanish religious. Margaret Hamiltons income source is mostly from being a successful Actress. City Without Men. [4][5] The family later moved to Michigan,[6] where Margaret graduated from Hancock High School in 1954. The Opportunity of a Lifetime. [13][14][15] Her work contributed to Lorenz's publications on chaos theory. Hamilton costarred opposite Buster Keaton and Richard Cromwell in a 1940s spoof of the long-running local melodrama The Drunkard, titled The Villain Still Pursued Her. Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) - Wikipedia Storey was born in San Francisco, California, into an educated household. According to Wired's Karen Tegan Padir: "She, along with that other early programming pioneer, COBOL inventor Grace Hopper, also deserve tremendous credit for helping to open the door for more women to enter and succeed in STEM fields like software. Margaret H. Hamilton is a computer scientist who was instrumental to NASA's efforts to land humans on the moon in the 1960s and 1970s. Hat, Coat and Glove. What I do?!!! skywriting sequence at the Emerald City. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Discover Margaret Hamilton's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Margaret Hamilton Biography | Fandango The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. SAGE was soon developed for military use in anti-aircraft air defense. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. In the 1940s and 1950s, Hamilton had a long-running role on the radio series Ethel and Albert (or The Couple Next Door) in which she played the lovable, scattered Aunt Eva (name later changed to Aunt Effie). She was severely burned during the "Surrender Dorothy!" And what had happened was it was tricky programming, and the person who wrote it took delight in the fact that all of his comments were in Greek and Latin. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. Four years later, she obtained the Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics at Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (USA). "Every time the CPU approached overload, the software cleared out its entire queue of processes, restarted its functions; allowing only the highest priority ones to perform until the landing was completed," she said. As Neil Armstrong was already preparing to bring the ship down, the computer started displaying two errors: error 1201 and error 1202. She was best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in . In 1965 Margaret was named responsible for the development of the flight software for the computers that would go on board the Apollo spacecraft. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. Three minutes before the lunar lander reached the Moon's surface, several computer alarms were triggered. They're clapping at hearing the sound again.[11]. Played Aunt Eva on the radio series Ethel and Albert in the 1940s and 1950s . The contract was awarded just weeks before then-President John F. Kennedy announced that he planned to have humans on the moon by the end of the decade. Margaret Hamilton | Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos | AllMovie In 2009, she received the Outstanding Alumni Award by. Her Code Got Humans on the MoonAnd Invented Software Itself She was a distant cousin of Neil Hamilton, with whom she appeared in By Your Leave (1934). She is from USA. This brilliant mathematician, systems engineer, and computational scientist, was Director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio to Jennie and Walter Hamilton. Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio and practiced her craft doing children's theater while she was a Junior League of Cleveland member. It was an ongoing joke for a long time. [61] Hamilton talks about "Errors" and how they influenced her work related to software engineering and how her language, USL, could be used to prevent the majority of "Errors" in a system. Her "priority display" innovation had created a knock-on risk that astronaut and computer would slip out of synch just when it mattered most. Hamilton said: What they used to do when you came into this organization as a beginner, was to assign you this program which nobody was able to ever figure out or get to run. Hamilton also appears as an unidentified flying witch during the tornado scene, which may have been the Wicked Witch of the West or her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East. Her latest book, "Why Am I Taller? For her last stage role, she was cast as Madame Armfeldt in the Stephen Sondheim musical A Little Night Music, singing the song "Liaisons" for the national tour costarring with Jean Simmons as her daughter Desiree. [36], Hamilton's priority alarm displays interrupted the astronauts' normal displays to warn them that there was an emergency "giving the astronauts a go/no go decision (to land or not to land)". [Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom]. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. Margaret Heafield Hamilton (born August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. It was July 20, 1969. I said to myself, 'Oh, boy, The Wizard of Oz! document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2018-2023, All Rights Reserved Super Stars Bio. However, once there, she preferred to accept work at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), as a software developer. , money, salary, income, and assets. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Barack Obama presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016. Margaret Hamilton's net worth [36], When Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions,[57] software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering,[58] nor was it regarded as a science. five.[28]. Among them, there were 6 in which the man stepped on the floor of the Moon. Margaret Hamilton. [4] However, in mid-1959, Hamilton began working for Edward Norton Lorenz, in the meteorology department at MIT. And sometimes when I go to schools, if we're in an auditorium, I'll do it. Her family later moved to Michigan and Hamilton attended the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for a time. Margaret Hamilton Biography Margaret Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio on December 9, 1902, the youngest of four children and obtained her teaching certificate in 1923 from the Wheelock . MIT Museum: Margaret Hamilton Apollo Photos. She appeared, uncredited, in Joseph L. Mankiewicz's People Will Talk (1951) as Sarah Pickett. Devising, writing, testing, and testing these routines was quite commendable. Margaret Hamilton Biography, Celebrity Facts and Awards - TV Guide She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. She played Morticia Addams' mother, Hester Frump, in three episodes of The Addams Family. Your email address will not be published. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. "Kindergarten Lost Margaret Hamilton." The pipe exploded on the third take of the scene. We had to find a way and we did. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Her most visible appearances during this period were as general store owner, Cora, in a national series of television commercials for Maxwell House coffee. Danko made the fiery entrance to Munchkinland, not Hamilton. Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. [10] She says her poet father and headmaster grandfather inspired her to include a minor in philosophy in her studies. Corrections? She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented on November 22, 2016 by the President of the United States, for her brilliant work during the Apollo missions in the 1960s. While a decision was made in the moment to let the astronauts land, Hamilton pointed out that a fault analysis was done to see where the error was made. She knew everything about these vital programs. Elizabeth Howell (she/her), Ph.D., is a staff writer in the spaceflight channel since 2022 covering diversity, education and gaming as well. She was contributing writer for Space.com (opens in new tab) for 10 years before joining full-time, freelancing since 2012. "Hamilton was honored by NASA in 2003, when she was presented a special award recognizing the value of her innovations in the Apollo software development," NASA wrote in 2016. Cameron Diaz Biography, Facts & Life Story, Cam Newton Biography, Facts & Life Story, Roman Reigns Biography, Facts & Life Story, Lindsay Lohan Biography, Facts & Life Story, Christopher Lloyd Biography, Facts & Life Story, Michael Chiklis Biography, Facts & Life Story, Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner. Hamilton has published more than 130 papers, proceedings, and reports, about sixty projects, and six major programs. I was the first one to get it to work. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. Quote her most famous line, however, and watch their eyes blink awake with recognition: "I'll get you my pretty! By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. She had three grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. She was 82 years old. Planetary science is a global profession. Her crisp voice with rapid but clear enunciation was another trademark. Moore Boeck. She notably wrote software for a program to identify enemy aircraft. Her son, interviewed for the 2005 DVD edition of the film, commented that Hamilton enjoyed the line so much, she sometimes used it in her real life. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers. Margaret Hamilton - Wikipedia more information Accept. During one interview, she joked: I was in need of money at the time, I had done about six pictures for MGM at the time, and my agent called. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. [2] Before she turned to acting exclusively, her parents insisted she attend Wheelock College in Boston, which she did, later becoming a kindergarten teacher. With only minutes to spare, the decision was made to go for the landing.". Required fields are marked *. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Hamilton played two credited roles in the famous film: Almira Gulch and the Wicked Witch of the West. When I was the beginner they gave it to me as well. Margaret Hamilton (Margaret Brainard Hamilton) was born on 9 December, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, is an Actress, Soundtrack. Credit: Courtesy MIT Museum Margaret Hamilton's Apollo Code A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. Hamilton led the software engineering division at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory. When she was studying at Earlham College, she met James Hamilton. A kindergarten teacher in her native Cleveland, Margaret Hamilton began her acting career there in community theatre and with the prestigious Cleveland Playhouse. (Image credit: The White House via collectSPACE.com). [25], Her areas of expertise include: systems design and software development, enterprise and process modeling, development paradigm, formal systems modeling languages, system-oriented objects for systems modeling and development, automated life-cycle environments, methods for maximizing software reliability and reuse, domain analysis, correctness by built-in language properties, open-architecture techniques for robust systems, full life-cycle automation, quality assurance, seamless integration, error detection and recovery techniques, human-machine interface systems, operating systems, end-to-end testing techniques, and life-cycle management techniques. Margaret Hamilton (educator) (1871-1969), American educator Margaret Hamilton (actress) (1902-1985), American film character actress Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) (born 1936), American software engineer Margaret Hamilton (publisher) (1941-2022), Australian publisher of children's literature Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). Zack, Suzanne. [24] She worked to gain hands-on experience during a time when computer science courses were uncommon and software engineering courses did not exist. (Apollo 13 aborted before landing due to an explosion in the command module's service area.). Hamilton's line from The Wizard of Oz "I'll get you, my pretty, and your little dog, too!" Under her married name of Margaret Meserve, she served on the Beverly Hills Board of Education from 1948 to 1951. It was a memorable day when one of the most respected hardware gurus explained to everyone in a meeting that he agreed with me that the process of building software should also be considered an engineering discipline, just like with hardware. Elizabeth first got interested in space after watching the movie Apollo 13 in 1996, and still wants to be an astronaut someday. And I asked him what part, and he said, 'The Witch,' and I said, 'The Witch?!' Margaret H. Hamilton: Apollo Computer Programmer | Space The mirrors at the Ivanpah plant were configured to create a picture of Hamilton and the Apollo 11 by moonlight. "Margaret Hamilton, 82, Dies; Played Wicked Witch In 'Oz', "Ah, The Songs of Long Ago! [33] The asynchronous executive designed by J. Halcombe Laning[34][30][35] was used by Hamilton's team to develop asynchronous flight software: Because of the flight software's system-software's error detection and recovery techniques that included its system-wide "kill and recompute" from a "safe place" restart approach to its snapshot and rollback techniques, the Display Interface Routines (AKA the priority displays) together with its man-in-the-loop capabilities were able to be created in order to have the capability to interrupt the astronauts' normal mission displays with priority displays of critical alarms in case of an emergency. In 1973, Hamilton produced the stage production of An Evening with the Bourgeoisie. Having started on the stage in the early 1930s, she began to work extensively in the theater after leaving Los Angeles. In the early 1970s, she joined the cast of another CBS soap opera, As the World Turns, on which she played Miss Peterson, Simon Gilbey's assistant. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American actress and educator. Margaret Hamilton - Biography - IMDb Mastodon: https://qoto.org/@howellspace. We recommend you to check the complete list of Famous People born on 9 December. The company was developed around the Universal Language of Software Design Systems. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American film actress known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. Margaret Hamilton (Margaret Brainard Hamilton) was born on 9 December, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, is an Actress, Soundtrack. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers.. Updates? Biography. She was born on August 17, 1936, which makes Margaret Hamilton age be 82 years old as of now. Contrary to her character, one of the top villains in movie . The computer was overloaded with interrupts caused by incorrectly phased power supplied to the lander's rendezvous radar. [38] Paul Curto, senior technologist who nominated Hamilton for a NASA Space Act Award, called Hamilton's work "the foundation for ultra-reliable software design".[23]. Discover today's celebrity birthdays and explore famous people who share your birthday. It was her code that enabled the human race to travel to the moon and back. In the episode, entitled "Triptych for a Witch," Hamilton played the title role. I guess for a minute they get the feeling they got when they watched the picture. In 2009, Margaret Hamilton and fellow MIT software engineers described what is was like to contribute to the Apollo missions 40 years after the famous Apollo 11 landing in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility in July 1969. In March 1986, she founded Hamilton Technologies, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 16:40. There was no second chance. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. She studied mathematics at the University of Michigan in the 1950s and later earned a BA in mathematics with a minor in philosophy from Earlham College in 1958. Margaret Heafield Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana. Because software was a mystery, a black box, upper management gave us total freedom and trust. Margaret Hamilton: Credits, Bio, News & More | Broadway World '[8], Hamilton's stand-in and stunt double for the Witch, Betty Danko, also suffered an on-set accident on February 11, 1939. Margaret Hamilton (actress) - Wikipedia Would spoof her famous role of The Wicked Witch of The West in a 1976 Paul Lynde Halloween Special for television. Dedication and commitment were a given. And there's always a funny reaction, like 'Ye gods, they wish they hadn't asked.' So, how much is Margaret Hamilton worth at the age of 83 years old? Click here if you want to see this biography in Spanish translation. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Apollo 9 tested out the lunar module and command module together in Earth orbit for the first time, and then the two spacecraft were tested again in lunar orbit for Apollo 10. August 17, 2016. "Deeply Integrated Guidance Navigation Unit (DI-GNU) Common Software Architecture Principles". Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Her husband is Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). As an adult, she worked on NASA's Apollo program, creating computer programs to guide spacecraft to and from the moon. The content of the programs was printed on continuous paper and stored in large folders. In 1976, Hamilton co-founded with Saydean Zeldin a company called Higher Order Software (HOS)[40] to further develop ideas about error prevention and fault tolerance emerging from their experience at MIT working on the Apollo program. Besides her work in Apollo, she was part of MIT Lincoln Laboratory's Semi-Automatic Ground Environment Air Defense System, or SAGE. Space Engineer and Scientist Margaret Hamilton (STEM Trailblazer Bios [14] On October 30, 1975, she guest-starred on the radio revival series CBS Radio Mystery Theater. Not because of his acceptance of the new 'term' per se, but because we had earned his and the acceptance of the others in the room as being in an engineering field in its own right. She served on the Beverly Hills Board of Education from 1948 to 1951 and was a Sunday school teacher during the 1950s. The award included $37,200, the largest amount awarded to any individual in NASA's history. Las mejores ofertas para THE ALEXANDER HAMILTON READER margaret esther hall - PAPERBACK estn en eBay Compara precios y caractersticas de productos nuevos y usados Muchos artculos con envo gratis! In one of the critical moments of the Apollo 11 mission, the Apollo Guidance Computer, together with the on-board flight software, averted an abort of the landing on the Moon. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Earlham College, Richmond. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. For this Laboratory, she developed codes for new programming routines. She was director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for NASA 's Apollo program. Margaret Hamilton | Biography & Facts | Britannica ", Hamilton later left MIT to start her own software company, but her name is still most recognized for her lunar landing accomplishments. marriedcelebrity; April 19, 2019; Celebrity Gossip; Born as Margaret Heafield, she is an American system engineer, computer scientist and a woman entrepreneur as well. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American movie actress. On weekends, she took her daughter Lauren to the lab to spend time with her, while she worked writing the computer routines that would go on the Apollo command module computer. However, in By Your Leave (1934), she plays his housekeeper, and in Saratoga (1937), she has a colloquy with Morgan regarding a cosmetic product he invented (with side glances and eye rolls by Morgan as to its effect on her "beauty"). After graduation she married her first husband, James Cox Hamilton, and . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". We had to find a way and we did. Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 2022-06-01 07:53, By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office Hamilton herself specifically concentrated on software to detect system errors and to recover information in a computer crash. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Omissions? Her solution: when you see a priority display, first count to Heres how it works. If the computer hadn't recognized this problem and taken recovery action, I doubt if Apollo 11 would have been the successful moon landing it was. While her acting career developed, her marriage began to fail; the couple divorced in 1938. She did a stint as a What's My Line? Everything was done based on codes, so that they did not occupy too much space in the small memories of the computers, which were NOT made of silicon, but were housed in iron cores. She also published six books. The meaning of those almost mysterious codes was available to very few. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Hamilton was initially hired as a programmer for this process but moved on into systems design. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, Hamilton, M.; Hackler, W. R. (2004). A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. It is ironic that her performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was so scary to children, because her first job was as a kindergarten teacher. [18] In 1979, she was a guest speaker at a University of Connecticut children's literature class. Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. She appeared on an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975 where she explained to children she was only playing a role and showed how putting on a costume "transformed" her into the witch. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. was ranked 99th in the 2005 American Film Institute survey of the most memorable movie quotes. It turned out that the astronaut checklist, which governed the actions the crew had to do before landing, had the crew set the rendezvous radar hardware switch in the wrong position. American software engineer and businesswoman, American computer programmer, businessman, and philanthropist. [27] Searching to find out more about Margaret Hamilton? Thompson, Arthur A.; Strickland, A. J., (1996), "Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases", Last edited on 26 February 2023, at 16:40, Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, "001: A Full Life Cycle Systems Engineering and Software Development Environment", Universal Systems Language for Preventative Systems Engineering, A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML, Universal Systems Language: Lessons Learned from Apollo, "President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom", "Former Earlham Student Had Role in Moon Flight", "2009 Outstanding Alumni and Distinguished Service Awards", "The Woman Who Taught Me Margaret Hamilton MAKERS Moment", "Margaret Hamilton: The Untold Story of the Woman Who Took Us to the Moon", "The statistical prediction of solutions of dynamic equations", "AGC Conference 1: Margaret Hamilton's introduction", "Scene at MIT: Margaret Hamilton's Apollo code", "NASA Engineers and Scientists-Transforming Dreams Into Reality", The History of Apollo On-board Guidance, Navigation, and Control, Keyboard and Display Program and Operation, "Moon landing memories:'Apollo 11 changed civilisation and I had a part in it', "Tales from the Lunar Module Guidance Computer", "Computer Got Loaded, letter to the editor of Datamation", Higher Order Software Evaluation and Critique, "Federal User Offers Free CAD/CAM Software", "And/Or Programs: A New Approach to Structured Programming", "Overview of Hamilton Technologies, Inc. (HTI) 001", "ICSE 2018 Plenary Sessions Margaret Hamilton", "What to Know About the Scientist who Invented the Term "Software Engineering", "NASA Engineers and Scientists Transforming Dreams Into Reality", "Margaret Hamilton: 2017 Fellow Biography", "Margaret Hamilton, the Engineer Who Took the Apollo to the Moon", "Her code got humans on the moon and invented software itself", "Software and a Woman at the Heart of Lunar Triumph", "A moonlit tribute to a moon landing icon", "Honour for software writer on Apollo moon mission", "White House honors two of tech's female pioneers", "Margaret Hamilton Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom", "The 2017 Fellow Award Acceptance Speech", "Lego's 'Women of NASA' toy set is finally on sale and it's already Amazon's best-selling toy", "Investiture of scientist Margaret Hamilton as an honorary doctor of the UPC", "Margaret Hamilton Accepts 2019 Washington Award Nomination", "Bard College - 2019 Honorary Degree Recipients", "Margaret Hamilton's sister shares her memories as Seattle's seniors celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landing", "James Cox Hamilton, at 77; lawyer was quiet warrior for First Amendment", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hamilton_(software_engineer)&oldid=1141753509. She appeared on Broadway in the musical Goldilocks opposite Don Ameche and Elaine Stritch, gave a lighter touch to the domineering Parthy Anne Hawks in the 1966 revival of Show Boat (dancing with David Wayne), and was the tender Aunt Eller in the 1968 Lincoln Center revival of Oklahoma!.